Herat’s historic caravanserais, once bustling centers of commerce, have now become popular tourist attractions, particularly among foreign visitors. Despite suffering damage from natural disasters and decades of war, these architectural relics have endured the test of time and continue to echo the heartbeat of history.

In the past, these caravanserais were considered vital commercial hubs in the region. One such structure, standing strong for over 160 years, remains a testament to Herat’s vibrant trading history. Hayatullah, who has run a tailoring shop in one of these caravanserais for over 60 years, vividly remembers its glory days.

“In the old days, this caravanserai was a thriving marketplace. Merchants traded goods such as tea, pistachios, cashmere, and carpets,” Hayatullah told TOLOnews. “Its age is estimated at around 160 years.”

Gholam Hasan, a Herat resident, added, “All the merchants in Herat used to operate here. They brought in goods, and brokers would handle the deals. There were around ten warehouse keepers who sold items to shopkeepers.”

Today, these historical caravanserais are among the key destinations for foreign tourists. One such visitor is Chiza Dimitro from Romania, who came to explore the site with fellow travelers.

“Herat has an extraordinary history,” Dimitro told TOLOnews. “It was likely once a cradle of Islamic culture. Many prominent figures and intellectuals lived here and left their mark. Yes, I believe Herat is the cultural capital of Afghanistan.”

The caravanserais, with their traditional architectural style and natural ventilation systems, provided both security and comfort to traders and travelers alike.

Meanwhile, Herat’s local officials say efforts are underway to preserve and restore these historical structures.

Hamidullah Ghiasi, head of Arts at the Herat Department of Information and Culture, stated, “We are making consistent efforts to protect and maintain these historic caravanserais.”

According to cultural experts, Herat's location along the ancient Silk Road gave its caravanserais a central role in regional trade for centuries. The exact number of these historical structures remains unknown, but local officials estimate that between 10 to 15 caravanserais have been identified in the province—some of which, unfortunately, are now in ruins.